『宝島』の海賊の唄 A Pirate Song from Treasure Island

『宝島』で反復されるヨーホーホー Yo-ho-ho の唄は、"Fifteen men on the dead man's chest― / Yo-ho-ho, and a bottle of rum! / Drink and the devil had done for the rest― / Yo-ho-ho, and a bottle of rum!" という、作品前半部に何度も出てくる4行を除けば、終わりのほうに出てくる詩の断片が、この唄の一部なのかどうか、ようわからんところです。――

　　ともあれ、この4行の詩は、『宝島』が舞台にのぼったときに曲を付けられ、かつ歌詞を長くして今日も有名な歌となっています。

   よくわからないので阿部知二の岩波少年文庫の訳を引いておきます。――

亡者の箱まで、はってのぼった十五人――
　　いっぱい飲もうぞ、ヨー・ホー・ホー！
あとのやつらは、酒と悪魔にやられたぞ――
　　いっぱい飲もうぞ、ヨー・ホー・ホー！

    Erich's Songbook というサイトは、楽譜と歌詞を掲載しています――"Derelict" <http://www.biostat.wustl.edu/~erich/music/songs/derelict.html>。最初の4行はR. L. S.で、残りはアメリカのYoung Edwing Allison (1853-1932) が、はじめは1891年に、そして、さらに増補して1901年のブロードウェーのミュージカルで、Walter か Waller という名前の人の曲を付けて演じられました。そのとき "Derelict" というタイトルが与えられたようです。

via "Yo Ho Ho And A Bottle Of Rum - Fifteen men on a dead man's chest" <http://www.sailorsongs.com/yo_ho_ho_and_a_bottle_of_rum.html>

   どうやら19世紀末からスティーヴンソンの詩の元だと称する偽の唄が提示され、その後1914年に『タイムズ』紙が古くからの海賊の唄だという記事を載せて論争が起こったりもしたようですが、スティーヴンソン父子の手紙や資料から推して、(1) もともとがスティーヴンソンが自作の詩だというのは確かで、 (2) アメリカ人のアリソンはスティーヴンソンの4行を敷衍して創作したというも確かなようです〔Vincent Starrett, Buried Caesars: Essays in Literary Appreciation (Chicago: Covici-McGee, 1923; rpt. Ayer, 1968), ch. 14, "Y. E. A. and a Bottle of Rum" (pp. 189-204) 参照〕。それでも、その後も歌詞のパロディーや曲の付加が行なわれたこともおそらく手伝って、古くからの海賊の唄というイメジを伴って歌われているようです。

"Fifteen Men (Bottle of Rum) - Original Version" (3:54) posted by "Yabier11" on June 6, 2008: "The most realistic and accurate version of this all-time pirate tune. Forget POTC.

"The song is subtitled, so you can sing it in your nights at sea!

"This is from the Roger Wagner Chorale recording of Sea Chantys. Capitol record number P3462 of 1959. Harve Presnell is the soloist. Thanks to IUFTR for the info and sorry for my big mistake.

"As you will know, the song is based on the lyrics by R.L. Stevenson's Treasure Island, one of the greatest novels ever written. I think this version captures its essence, and because of it I say it's the most realistic and accurate version (for me).

"Stevenson is one of my favourite writers. From The Master of Ballantrae and The Wrecker, his horror literature as The Body Snatcher or Markheim, to his travel books as The Silverado Squatters. I have ALL his works published in Spain! ;) "

   何を「オリジナル」とするか、よくわからんところがあるのですけれど、つぎのものとは少し曲が違うようではあります。――

"Derelict - Yo Ho Ho And A Bottle Of Rum" (4:58) posted by "TertiusOculusOris" on April 27, 2008: "Pirates are cool. Leave a comment matey. I sing this whenever I'm good and drunk, no jokes. You landlubbers wouldn't even begin to understand. I'm a pirate at heart. Who's with me!? Down-loaders of copyrighted music, movies, books, programs or whatever, all are pirates! Sure people need money, and sure they deserve money for their hard work! On the other hand, we only need money because THEY say we need money. We'll take what we want! So, my fellow buccaneers, drink up! Have a shot for your ole' friend TertiusOculusOris, I'm drinking for you! Arrrggh you bastards better sing along! When I sober up maybe I'll post the lyrics... If you want to download this song or any other YouTube video (including in MP3 format) use aTube Catcher: http://atube-catcher.dsnetwb.com/get-video-software-windows-home/content/banco-datos-Welcome-Home-Page.html?seguro=1&credITO=forEX-tern&auto=1

Lyrics

Verse 1.
Fifteen men on a dead man's chest
Yo ho ho and a bottle of rum
Drink and the devil had done for the rest
Yo ho ho and a bottle of rum.
The mate was fixed by the bosun's pike
The bosun brained with a marlinspike
And cookey's throat was marked belike
It had been gripped by fingers ten;
And there they lay, all good dead men
Like break o'day in a boozing ken

Yo ho ho and a bottle of rum.

Verse 2.
Fifteen men of a whole ship's list
Yo ho ho and a bottle of rum!
Dead and be damned and the rest gone whist!
Yo ho ho and a bottle of rum!
The skipper lay with his nob in gore
Where the scullion's axe his cheek had shore
And the scullion he was stabbed times four
And there they lay, and the soggy skies
Dripped all day long in up-staring eyes
And murk sunset and at foul sunrise
Yo ho ho and a bottle of rum.

Verse 3.
Fifteen men of 'em stiff and stark
Yo ho ho and a bottle of rum!
Ten of the crew had the murder mark!
Yo ho ho and a bottle of rum!
Twas a cutlass swipe or an ounce of lead
Or a yawing hole in a battered head
And the scuppers' glut with a rotting red
And there they lay, aye, damn my eyes
All lookouts clapped on paradise
All souls bound just contrariwise
Yo ho ho and a bottle of rum.

Verse 4.
Fifteen men of 'em good and true
Yo ho ho and a bottle of rum!
Ev'ry man jack could ha' sailed with Old Pew,
Yo ho ho and a bottle of rum!
There was chest on chest full of Spanish gold
With a ton of plate in the middle hold
And the cabins riot of loot untold,
And they lay there that had took the plum
With sightless glare and their lips struck dumb
While we shared all by the rule of thumb,
Yo ho ho and a bottle of rum!

Verse 5.
More was seen through a sternlight screen...
Yo ho ho and a bottle of rum
Chartings no doubt where a woman had been
Yo ho ho and a bottle of rum.
A flimsy shift on a bunker cot
With a thin dirk slot through the bosom spot
And the lace stiff dry in a purplish blot
Oh was she wench or some shudderin' maid
That dared the knife and took the blade
By God! she was stuff for a plucky jade
Yo ho ho and a bottle of rum.

Verse 6.
Fifteen men on a dead man's chest
Yo ho ho and a bottle of rum
Drink and the devil had done for the rest
Yo ho ho and a bottle of rum.
We wrapped 'em all in a mains'l tight
With twice ten turns of a hawser's bight
And we heaved 'em over and out of sight,
With a Yo-Heave-Ho! and a fare-you-well
And a sudden plunge in the sullen swell
Ten fathoms deep on the road to hell,
Yo ho ho and a bottle of rum! "

    曲は1分半ぐらいから始まります。歌詞の変化やその後のディズニー映画などへの発展については、Wikipedia の "Dead Man's Chest" <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_Man%27s_Chest>の記事（対応する日本語の項目なし）と、そこからのWikisource などのリンクが参考になるようです。

10日朝追記　聴き直したら、基本同じでした。steampunk folk といわれるバンド Abney Park の演奏も基本同じですが、あたかも古い唄を古い衣装で歌うパフォーマンスは、ルネサンスフェアに通じる精神がおそらくあって――実際アブニー・パーク（この名前はロンドンの墓地の名に由来します）はその手の"Faire" で活動してきたようです――、ふと思ったのは、白人の歴史のなかったアメリカでこういう唄が偽造され流行るのもむべなるかな、と。ディズニーの『パイレーツ・オブ・ザ・カリビアン』も含め。

"Abney Park - Yo Ho Ho And A Bottle Of Rum (Acoustic)" (3:34) posted by "Synsterz" on September 7, 2008.

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"Abney Park - Steampunk Band" <http://www.abneypark.com/> 〔オフィシャル・サイト〕

「パイレーツ・オブ・カリビアン/デッドマンズ・チェスト - Wikipedia」 〔映画 Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest (2006) の記事。読んでも「デッドマンズ・チェスト」の意味がわかりませんが、箱ですよねー、宝の。なんでカタカナだらけなんでしょー、今日日の映画のタイトルは。かつてスティーヴンソンの dead man's chest を「死者の胸」と誤読した偽作詩もあったそうで、気になっています〕

ルネサンス・フェアについては、カリフォルニア時間の「September 24 ルネサンス・フェアをめぐって (上) 　Renaissance Fair (1)　[America]」など参照。てへ。

タグ：Abney Park "Derelict" Young Edwing Allison Robert Louis Stevenson スティーヴンソン 『あしながおじさん』における引用 『宝島』 『あしながおじさん』のなかの詩 Treasure Island